MAC OS
Boot Key Combinations:
Command (⌘)-R: macOS Recovery system.
Option-Command-R or Shift-Option-Command-R: macOS Recovery with internet support.
Option (⌥) or Alt: Startup Manager (gives you the option to choose other available startup disks or volumes).
Option-Command-P-R: Reset NVRAM or PRAM.
Shift (⇧): Safe mode.
D: Apple Diagnostics utility.
Option-D: Diagnostics utility with internet support.
N: NetBoot server
Command-S: Single-user mode. Disabled in macOS Mojave or later.
T: Start up in target disk mode.
Command-V: Verbose mode.
Eject (⏏), F12, Mouse Button or Trackpad Button: Eject removable media.
Windows Equivalent Mac OS Keys:
| Windows Key | Mac OS Key |
| Win | Macintosh/Apple |
| Ctrl (Control) | Command |
| Alt | Option |
| Shift | Shift |
| Backspace | Delete |
| Delete | Del |
| Enter | Return |
Mac OS Version List:
The following Macintosh Operating Systems are only the versions since the first release Mac OS X.
| Version | Release Name | Release Date |
| Mac OS X Developer Preview | Unknown | – |
| Mac OS X Public Beta | Kodiak (internal codename) | – |
| Mac OS X 10.0 | Cheetah (internal codename) | – |
| Mac OS X 10.01 | Puma (internal codename) | – |
| Mac OS X 10.2 | Jaguar | – |
| Mac OS X 10.3 | Panther | – |
| Mac OS X 10.4 | Tiger | – |
| Mac OS X 10.5 | Leopard | – |
| Mac OS X 10.6 | Snow Leopard | – |
| Mac OS X 10.7 | Lion | – |
| OS X 10.8 | Mountain Lion | July 2012 |
| OS X 10.9 | Mavericks | October 2013 |
| OS X 10.10 | Yosemite | October 2014 |
| OS X 10.11 | El Capitan | September 2015 |
| macOS 10.12 | Sierra | September 2016 |
| macOS 10.13 | High Sierra | September 2017 |
| macOS 10.14 | Mojave | September 2018 |
| macOS 10.15 | Catalina | October 2019 |
| macOS 11 | Big Sur | November 12, 2020 |
| macOS 12 | Monterey | October 15, 2021 |
| macOS 13 | Ventura | October 24, 2022 |
| macOS 14 | Sonoma | September 26, 2023 |
| macOS 15 | Sequoia | September 16, 2024 |
macOs Compatibility:
*M series Mac’s those with M1 and M2 CPUs are only compatible with Big Sur and later (not Catalina or earlier).
| mac OS | MAC |
| Sequoia macOS 15 | (See Apple Support page) |
| Sonoma macOS 14 | iMac 2019 and Later Mac Pro 2019 and Later iMac Pro 2017 and Later Mac Studio 2022 and Later MacBook Air 2018 and Later Mac mini 2018 and Later MacBook Pro 2018 and Later |
| Ventura macOS 13 | iMac 2017 and Later Mac Pro 2019 and Later iMac Pro (All) Mac Studio (All) MacBook Air 2018 and Later Mac mini 2018 and Later MacBook Pro 2017 and Later |
| Monterey macOS 12 | iMac 2015 and Later Mac Pro 2013 and Later iMac Pro 2017 and Later MacBook Air 2015 and Later Mac mini 2014 and Later MacBook Pro 2015 and Later |
| Big Sur macOS 11 | iMac 2014 and Later Mac Pro 2013 and 2019 iMac Pro (All) MacBook Air 2013 and Later Mac mini 2014 and Later MacBook Pro 2013 and Later |
| Catalina macOS 10.15 | iMac Late 2012 to 2019 Mac Pro 2013 and Later iMac Pro (All) MacBook Air Mid 2012 to 2019 Mac mini Late 2012 to Late 2018 MacBook Pro Mid 2012 to 2019 |
| Mojave macOS 10.14 | iMac Late 2012 to Mid 2017 Mac Pro Mid 2010, Mid 2012, and Late 2013 iMac Pro (All) MacBook Air Mid 2012 to 2017 Mac mini Late 2012 to Late 2018 MacBook Pro Mid 2012 to 2018 |
| High Sierra macOS 10.13 | iMac Late 2009 to Mid 2017 Mac Pro Mid 2010 and 2013 MacBook Air Late 2010 to 2017 Mac mini Mid 2010 to 2014 MacBook Pro Mid 2010 to 2017 |
| Sierra macOS 10.12 | iMac Late 2009 to 2015 Mac Pro Mid 2010 and 2013 MacBook Air Late 2010 to 2017 Mac mini Mid 2010 to 2014 MacBook Late 2009 to 2017 MacBook Pro Mid 2010 to 2015 |
| El Capitan macOS 10.11 | iMac Mid 2007 to Mid 2015 Mac Pro 2008, 2010 and 2013 MacBook Air Late 2008 to Early 2015 Mac mini Early 2009 to 2014 MacBook Early 2015 to 2017 and Late 2008 to 2010 MacBook Pro Mid and Late 2007 to Early 2015 |
| Yosemite macOS 10.10 | iMac Mid 2007 to Mid 2014 Mac Pro 2008 to 2010 MacBook Air Late 2008 to Mid 2014 Mac mini Early 2009 to 2012 MacBook Pro 13″ 2009 to Mid 2013 MacBook Pro 15″ Mid and Late 2007 to Mid 2014 MacBook Pro 17″ Late 2007 to 2011 |
| Mavericks macOS 10.9 | iMac Mid 2007 to Early 2013 Mac Pro Early 2008 and 2010 Xserve Early 2009 MacBook Air Late 2008 to Mid 2013 Mac mini Early 2009 to 2012 MacBook Late 2008 to 2010 MacBook Pro Mid 2007 to Early 2013 |
| Mountain Lion macOS 10.8 | iMac Mid 2007 to 2011 Mac Pro Early 2008 and 2010 MacBook Air Late 2008 to Mid 2012 Mac mini Early 2009 to 2011 MacBook Late 2008 to 2010 MacBook Pro Mid and Late 2007 to Mid 2012 |
Download Mac OS X:
Here’s a link to download Mac OS X from Lion to the latest Mac OS X (Sequoia at the time of writing this). https://support.apple.com/en-us/102662 from the Apple Website.